Robert E. Lee wrote in a letter in December, 1860, “While I wish to do what is right, I am unwilling to do what is wrong at the bidding of the South or of the North.” As Virginia seceded from the United States in the early days of what would become the American Civil War, Robert E. Lee was wrestling with his decision to side with his home state. There had been some question in his mind. Should he side with the federal government, which he loved, or with the state of Virginia? Lee knew his loyalties must lie with his state.
A Brilliant Confederate General
To Lee’s men he represented cause, country, and all. He proved himself to be a brilliant Confederate general, whose military genius was largely responsible for keeping the Confederate States of America alive through the four years of the American Civil War. The great strategy of Lee was overcome only by the resources and troop strength of the Union.
Lee upheld his faith in God and his Biblical principles even on the battlefield. He refused to raid and loot for his army’s benefit. According to Lee, triumph was of God, through God, and by God. Military efficiency, troop strength, and discipline were relegated to secondary concerns.
General Lee’s Surrender
On April 9, 1865 General Lee met with the Union’s General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia to agree on the terms of Lee’s surrender. His men were sent home on parole -- soldiers with their horses and officers with their side arms. In Lee’s farewell order to his army he said, “You will take with you the satisfaction that proceeds from the consciousness of duty faithfully performed.”
Branded a traitor by many who wished to see him imprisoned and hanged, Lee quietly remained at his home in Richmond, Virginia caring for his family. Those who held a high regard for Lee responded with generous offers of financial help and employment.
President of Washington and LeeUniversity
In October of 1865, Lee accepted the presidency of Washington College – known today as Washington and Lee University -- in Lexington, Virginia. Lee led the school to a high standard of education. He said, “We must look to the rising generation for the restoration of the country.”
He also set an example for the South, working to heal the wounds of a divided nation by demonstrating obedience to the Union government. He quietly encouraged the veterans of his army to return to their homes and work to rebuild America.
Lee refused to discuss the war, even though he was offered money for his memoirs. He chose to let the record of his military service and the men who were under him speak for itself. In October, 1870, General Lee died after a short illness and was buried in the chapel of Washington and Lee University.
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